Late 19th century of North Dakota History of North Dakota

1 late 19th century of north dakota

1.1 settlers
1.2 railroads
1.3 germans russia

late 19th century of north dakota
settlers

in 1861, area north dakota incorporated new dakota territory along south dakota. on november 2, 1889, north dakota , south dakota became separate states.

eager attract immigrants, state officials broadcast pamphlets , newspaper accounts celebrating myth of north dakota. myth included: 1) myth of garden; 2) work , win philosophy promise realization of american dream of home ownership through hard work; , 3) image of empire in making, settled , people. settlers came 1910, largest numbers comprising german americans, scandinavian americans, , americans east coast colloquially known yankees; yankees concentrated in towns , cities, while others became wheat farmers.

railroads

the success of northern pacific railroad , great northern railroad based on abundant crops , rapidly increasing settlement in red river valley along minnesota border between 1871 , 1890. initial role of railroads in opening area commercial agriculture, relation of james b. power bonanza farming, tremendous immigration valley between 1878 , 1884, , extensive efforts of power , james j. hill promote agricultural diversification constitute important chapter in railroad colonization history.

the railroad engine of settlement state. major development occurred in 1870s , 1880s. northern pacific railroad given land grants federal government borrow money build system. federal government kept every other section of land, , gave away homesteaders. @ first railroad sold of holdings @ low prices land speculators in order realize quick cash profits, , eliminate sizable annual tax bills. 1905 railroad company land policies changes when realized had been costly mistake have sold of land @ wholesale prices. better railroad service , improved methods of farming northern pacific sold had been heretofore worthless land directly farmers @ prices. 1910 railroad s holdings in north dakota had been reduced. meanwhile, great northern railroad energetically promoted settlement along lines in northern part of state. great northern bought lands federal government—it received no land grants—and resold them farmers 1 one. operated agencies in germany , scandinavia promoted lands, , brought families on @ low cost. battle between james j. hill s great northern railway , edward pennington s soo line railroad control access across northern north dakota resulted in 500 miles of new track , more 50 new town sites in 1 year. many of town sites never settled, , abandoned.

germans russia

germans russia traditional of german-speaking arrivals. germans had lived generations throughout russian empire, along volga river in russia. ancestors had been invited russia in 1760s introduce more advanced german agriculture methods rural russia. retained religion, culture , language, russian monarchy gradually eroded relative autonomy had been promised. many found necessary emigrate avoid conscription , preserve culture. 100,000 immigrated 1900–1950, settling in north , south dakota, kansas , nebraska. south-central part of north dakota became known german-russian triangle .

these immigrants saw downtrodden ethnic group having entirely different experience german americans had immigrated germany; settled in tight-knit communities retained german language , culture. raised large families, built german-style churches, buried dead in distinctive cemeteries using cast iron grave markers, , created choir groups sang german church hymns. many farmers specialized in sugar beets — still major crop in upper great plains. during world war identity challenged anti-german sentiment. end of world war ii, german language, had been used english public , official matters, in serious decline. today descendants speak english , german persists in singing groups. despite loss of language, ethnic group remains distinct , has left lasting impression on american west.