Legacy John Cooke Bourne

1 legacy

1.1 railroad depiction
1.2 lithography
1.3 photography

legacy
railroad depiction

in 19th century bourne gave face fascination new railway technology. among earliest artists integrated depiction of railway construction established landscape tradition. rails barely visible or coexisted stock landscape elements of cattle, rocks, sky, , greenery. nowadays bourne considered 1 of greatest railway artists, , described elton piranesi of railway age. according russell (2001) bourne s 2 series of railroad scene s works, equalled work of thomas shotter boys. burman & stratton (1997) explained:

the dramatic engineering works these main lines were, canals, largely dependent on hand labour aided pick , wheelbarrow. scale, , human effort in creating them. wonderfully conveyed in drawings of john cook bourne, recording camden bank , tring cutting on london & birmingham railway (bourne, 1839) , maidenhead bridge , box tunnel on great western main line paddington bristol (bourne, 1846).

more in general russell (2001) summarizes:

bourne s work shows line , associated structures under construction , provides invaluable record of early-victorian railway engineering. prints obtain visual impression of magnitude of project , of disruption town , countryside caused. fascinating see vast number of men - navvies - employed in building of retaining wall @ camden town , appreciate involved in great undertaking such excavating cutting @ tring. while contemporary painters liked populate pictures, in words of francis klingender, noble, unhurried peasants, pursuing simple tasks in idyllic surroundings , peasants bourne includes running away noise , smoke of rock-blasting @ linslade.

in art , industrial revolution, klingender (1968) had enthused added: bourne s great western pictures echo sweep , swagger of isambard kingdom brunel s great broad-gauge railway...

in own days, however, bourne s work had little market value, because art patrons of day wished rather reminded of social , technological revolution going on round them. exclusive pictures of j. c. bourne understandably seen limited stratum of society, whereas dickens described met eyes of classes...

lithography

the work of bourne has been identified 1 of first excellent examples of application of lithography, invented late 18th century. chapter on history of lithography described after initiation period 19th century, commercial exploration of lithography started since 1818:

since inception, use of lithography has been commercial—for maps, music, books, picture reproduction , jobbing printing. naturalists recorded species: frenchman charles-alexandre lesueur (1778–1846) made of america s earliest lithographs in 1821–2 when depicted fish in journal of academy of natural sciences ; edward lear s plates important study of parrots date decade later. topography dominated during 1820s, when newly explored lands , european ‘grand tour’ recorded. baron taylor s voyages pittoresques et romantiques dans l’ancienne france (paris, 1820–78), in 20 volumes, ambitious project. j. d. harding, produced several lithographic drawing manuals, pioneered may of hullmandel s discoveries, notably lithotint in park , forest (london, 1841). john cooke bourne brought poetry lithographic record of britain s railways. intaglio dominated art reproduction, french artists lithographed own paintings or had them professionally reproduced. process ideal facsimiles of drawings...

wakefield (1973, p. 37) more adds, end of 1830s in common use, being employed in attractive books john britton s drawings of london , birmingham railway, 1839, illustrations john cooke bourne. depends effect upon antipathy between grease , water: greasy image on surface of smooth limestone first moistened , inked; image repels water accepts ink, while stone accepts water , consequently repels ink. image can printed on paper passing stone , paper through scraper press, gives picture in black on white background. 1837 becoming common practice add impression of stone, printed in straw colour give tinted background, , produced known tinted lithographs. in england developed c.j. hullmandel, important lithographer working in england in earlier part of century.

dnieper bridge bourne, 1855


photography

in 1855 bourne, home address holmes terrace, kentish town in county of middlesex, granted patent new camera design, described improvements in photographic apparatus. design allowed lens move in curved slot radius of same focal length of lens.