1944–1945: Decline and dissolution Polish Underground State

stefan korboński, last delegate.

the communists refused deal underground state refused deal government in exile; leaders , soldiers in liberated polish territories persecuted. number of prominent leaders of underground state, including government delegate, jan stanisław jankowski , last ak commander-in-chief, general leopold okulicki, decided reveal , upon soviet invitation begun open negotiations communist authorities, arrested , sentenced soviets in moscow in infamous trial of sixteen (arrests carried out in march 1945, , trial took place in june year). on 27 june 1945 council of national unity held last session, issuing 12-point declaration demanding soviet army leave poland , repression of non-communist political parties cease. government delegate s office @ home, restructured after arrests of leadership , headed last delegate, stefan korboński, disbanded on 1 july, after creation in moscow of provisional government of national unity (tymczasowy rząd jedności narodowej, trjn) on 28 june 1945. disbanding of structures marked end of underground state.

the trjn composed of communist representatives pkwn, token representation of opposition gesture towards western allies. establishment of trjn, government in exile stopped being recognized western allies (france withdrew recognition on 29 june, followed united kingdom , united states on 5 july), decided support soviet-backed , increasingly communist trjn body. seeing western betrayal , government in exile protested decision , continued operate till fall of communism in 1989, when recognized post-communist polish government. rigged polish legislative election of 1947 marked onset of undisguised communist rule in poland; few independent politicians mikołajczyk attempted form opposition threatened arrests, retired or emigrated.

the underground state s military arm, armia krajowa, officially disbanded on 19 january 1945 avoid armed conflict soviets , civil war. on next few years communists solidified hold on poland, falsifying elections, persecuting opposition , eliminating political power. remnants of armed resistance (nie, armed forces delegation poland, freedom , independence) refused lay down weapons , surrender communist regime continued hold out several years cursed soldiers, fighting soviet-backed communist forces until eradicated.