History XXII Corps (Union Army)

1 history

1.1 department of east
1.2 department of washington, d.c.
1.3 department of potomac
1.4 military district of washington
1.5 department of rappahannock
1.6 defenses of washington, d.c.
1.7 department of washington
1.8 xxii corps

history

civil war armies @ time took name department born out of. reason naming of army of potomac, born out of department of potomac. @ time of war, union named of departments, , armies, after naturally occurring landmarks, water courses, i.e. army of potomac, army of james, army of gulf, etc. in opposition, confederacy named of armies geographic areas , states.

department of east

comprising of united states east of mississippi river, half of became confederate territory. formed on january 1, 1861, there many departments formed within borders, , destablished august 17, 1861. primary focus employ chain of command units until smaller departments formed. headquartered in albany, new york, commanded major general john e. wool.

department of washington, d.c.

constituted april 9, 1861, include washington, d.c. original boundaries of arlington, virginia, , state of maryland far bladensburg. formed center on defense of national capital, , differentiate department of east. department commanded lieutenant colonel charles f. smith april 10 through april 28, 1861, , colonel (later brigadier general) joseph k. mansfield april 28, 1861, through department s dissolution on july 25, 1861.

department of potomac

the department of potomac, formed july 25, 1861 , destablished august 16, 1861, provide defense of city of washington, d.c. department entrusted duty of protecting united states capital, construction of fortifications. before dissolution of department of potomac, of fortifications in washington, d.c., area constructed, regiments garrisoned there, of whom had gone on form army of potomac. commanded major general george b. mcclellan.

military district of washington

a military district during civil war formation within department purpose of reporting directly department commander administrative affairs.

the military district of washington organized june 26, 1862, include washington, d.c.; alexandria, virginia; , fort washington, maryland. district under department of potomac. incorporated department of rappahanock april 4, 1862 through june 26, 1862, when again became independent command. on february 2, 1863 merged department of washington. commanded brigadier general james s. wadsworth.

department of rappahannock

the department of rappahannock formed april 4, 1862, original corps of army of potomac, control area east of blue ridge mountains potomac river, fredricksburg , richmond rail road , district of columbia expanded include area between potomac , patuxent rivers. merged army of virginia iii corps on june 26, 1862, major general irwin mcdowell commander.

defenses of washington, d.c.

the defenses of washington d.c. short lived command, september 2, 1862 through february 2, 1863. used consolidation of defenses of area including , surrounding washington, d.c. main focus on maintaining of fortifications in extending in ring around washington, d.c.

department of washington

on february 2, 1863, department of washington re-formed encompass area north of potomac piscataway creek annapolis junction (near present-day fort meade), west monocacy river, south bull run mountains way of goose creek, east occoquan river. size of expand throughout war include entirety of counties in surrounding states of maryland , virginia.

the quartermaster department of department of washington largest quartermaster department in union army. duties varied building, maintenance of fortifications, supplies, road building, transportation, , ordnance testing many other duties taken on quartermasters of washington department. washington, d.c. served transship point supplies , materiel destined both army of potomac , army of james.

xxii corps

the blue pentagon cross served badge of 3rd division, xxii corps

a corps grouping of 2 6 divisions, providing level of chain of command typically commanded major general. corps first created act of congress on july 17, 1862, major general george b. mcclellan had instituted them in spring of 1862. before time, formations known either wings or grand divisions . corps came under operational command of army, xxii corps did not.

xxii corps formed corps under department of washington on february 2, 1863. tradition, commanders doubled commanders of department of washington. during time, many of regiments fought out arrived reconstitute , transferred out, of them or army of potomac.